EIA Principles and Process

1.       Screening

Whether or not an individual project proposal need EIA

Threshold- no of people who are going to benefited (population covered)

Types- Sites such as national parks, heritage sites, cultural and archaeological sites etc.

Especially construction related projects need EIA before the implementation ie. road
construction through national Parks, heritage sites and other important areas of the country.

Hydropower project-more then 10MW

Irrigation canal which are to be constructed through the NPs , National heritage etc.

2.       Scoping

What should be the coverage or scope of EIA

TOR- Project description, prediction on impacts, evaluation of impacts, mitigation measures, stakeholders involvement, monitoring and evaluation measure, EIA rep[ort, Reviewed, decision making, etc.

3.       Impact assessment

Economic cost

Environmental cost

ie. how the activities of the proposal development will impact an various components of environment.

4.       Mitigation measure

Deals to minimize the possible impacts of proposed development and provides same ways to follow to reduce adverse impacts.

5.       Reporting

Documentation to submit the report of impact assessment.

6.       Reviewing

7.       Decision making

8.       Implementation of project